Fabrics can be categorized into various types based on different classification criteria. In this article, we will categorize fabrics from five perspectives: raw materials, manufacturing processes, applications, functional properties, and weight, and provide detailed insights into the characteristics and uses of each fabric type.

1. By Raw Material

1.1 Natural Fibers

1.1.1 Cotton Fiber

Advantages:

• Moisture absorption and breathability: the porous structure of cotton fiber can quickly absorb sweat and evaporate, suitable for making intimate apparel
• Soft and skin-friendly: cotton is delicate to the touch and non-irritating to the skin, suitable for babies and sensitive skin
• Good warmth: in winter, the hollow structure of cotton fibers can retain heat well
• Easy to dye: cotton fabric adsorbs dyes easily

Disadvantages:

• Easy to wrinkle: Cotton lacks elasticity and is prone to wrinkling after wearing or washing.
• Shrinkage: Cotton fibers shrink when cotton fabrics are exposed to water, so cotton fabrics that are not pre-treated may shrink by 3% to 5%.
• Easy to mold and mildew: Cotton fabrics are prone to mold and mildew in humid environments, and need to be kept in a dry environment

Common Types：

• Cotton fabric: widely used for T-shirts, bed sheets, towels, etc.

• Canvas: thick and wear-resistant, used for backpacks and shoes

• Corduroy: with vertical stripes on the surface, soft and warm.

• Poplin: delicate and smooth, suitable for shirts

Washing Information:

• Water temperature control: use cold or warm water (30℃-40℃) to avoid shrinkage or color fading due to high temperature.
• Machine washable: select gentle mode to avoid excessive rubbing.
• Dewatering: machine wash on low speed, hand wash and squeeze gently, avoid wringing.
• Drying: dry on the reverse side, avoid direct sunlight to prevent fading and hardening.
• Ironing: If ironing is required, choose the appropriate temperature, preferably in a slightly damp state.

1.1.2 Linen Fabric

Linen fabric is woven from the bast fibers of natural linen plants (such as flax, jute, ramie, hanma, etc.).

Advantages:

• Moisture absorption and breathable: the hollow structure of the fibers of the hemp plant can quickly absorb moisture and dissipate heat, is the ideal choice for summer clothing
• Antibacterial: hemp fiber contains natural antibacterial components (such as flax in the phenolic substances), can reduce odor and the production of bacteria
• Wear-resistant and durable: hemp fiber has high strength and better tear resistance than cotton
• Environmental degradation: linen plant growth requires less pesticides, can be naturally decomposed after the waste, and is environmentally friendly fabrics

Disadvantages:

• Rough touch: the surface of untreated linen has a granular feel, which may cause friction to sensitive skin
• Easy to wrinkle and difficult to iron: linen fiber lack of elasticity, wearing or washing easy to produce wrinkles
• Shrinkage and deformation: Hemp fabric may shrink by 2%-4% when first washed, attention should be paid to the washing method.

Common Types：

• Linen Fabric: compared to other hemp, linen fiber is delicate and soft, mostly used for clothing and home textile products
  
• Jute Fabric: coarse and hard fiber, mostly used in the production of handmade products, such as sacks, carpet backing, etc.
• Ramie Fabric: ramie fibers are longer, tougher and breathable, but the surface is rougher, often used in summer clothing and crafts production.
• Sisal Fabric: Sisal fiber is coarse and hard, high strength, good abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, seawater resistance, suitable for outdoor and industrial use. However, this fabric is poor in moisture absorption, rough to the touch, and not suitable for clothing. It can be used to make ropes, carpets, woven baskets and so on. This fabric is environmentally friendly and biodegradable.
• Manila Hemp Fabric：manila hemp fibers are long and tough, high strength, seawater corrosion resistance, good gloss, feel more delicate than sisal. This fabric can be used to make hats, tablecloths, woven baskets, etc. and is biodegradable.
• Roebuck: The plant's fibers are thin and soft, breathable, with natural antibacterial, anti-mildew properties, moisture absorption and perspiration, suitable for making clothes. But this plant production is relatively low, the price is more expensive.

Washing Information:

• Water temperature control: use cold or warm water (30℃) to avoid shrinkage or color fading due to high temperature.
• Machine washable: select gentle mode to avoid excessive rubbing.
• Dewatering: machine wash on low speed, hand wash and squeeze gently, avoid wringing.
• Drying: dry on the reverse side, avoid direct sunlight to prevent fading and hardening.
• Ironing: If ironing is required, choose the appropriate temperature, preferably in a slightly damp state.

1.1.3 Coconut Fiber Fabric

Coconut fiber fabric is made from coconut husk fibers, which are rough and tough, and are mostly used for carpets and mats.

Advantages:

• Environmentally Friendly and Renewable: Coconut fiber is a natural plant fiber and is biodegradable
• Highly Durable: Water-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and suitable for outdoor and humid environments.
• Good Breathability: The texture is fluffy, making it ideal for home products.
• Natural Antibacterial Properties: Rich in lignin, it is not prone to decay, mold-resistant, and insect-repellent, ensuring health and safety.

Disadvantages:

• Rough Texture: The fibers are coarse and stiff, making it unsuitable for wearing close to the skin.
• Dyeing Difficulty: Due to the fiber’s characteristics, dyeing results are limited.
• High Production Costs: The extraction and processing methods are complex.

Washing Information:

• Water temperature control: use cold or warm water (30℃) to avoid shrinkage or color fading due to high temperature.
• Machine washable: select gentle mode to avoid excessive rubbing.
• Natural Air Drying: Lay the coconut fiber fabric flat in a cool, ventilated area to dry, avoiding direct sunlight to prevent the fibers from becoming stiff or fading. Avoid machine drying, as high temperatures can damage the fiber structure.
• Avoid Soaking: Prolonged soaking may cause the fibers to soften or deform.

1.1.4 Bamboo Fiber Fabric

Bamboo fiber fabric is a natural plant-based textile made from bamboo, featuring properties such as eco-friendliness, antibacterial effects, and breathability.

Advantages:

• Natural Antibacterial: Bamboo fiber contains "bamboo quinone," which has antibacterial and odor-resistant properties.
• Breathable and Moisture-Wicking: The hollow structure of the fibers provides excellent moisture absorption and sweat-wicking performance.
• Soft and Comfortable: The fabric has a delicate texture, making it ideal for wearing close to the skin.
• Eco-friendly and Renewable: Bamboo grows quickly, requires no pesticides, and is biodegradable.

Disadvantages:

• Poor Abrasion Resistance: Prone to pilling.
• Low Strength: The fabric may become thinner after prolonged use.

Washing Information:

• Machine washable: select gentle mode to avoid excessive rubbing.
• Natural Air Drying: Lay the coconut fiber fabric flat in a cool, ventilated area to dry, avoiding direct sunlight to prevent the fibers from becoming stiff or fading. Avoid machine drying, as high temperatures can damage the fiber structure.
• Low-Temperature Ironing: If ironing is necessary, use the low-temperature setting (no higher than 110°C). Place a cloth under the iron to prevent direct contact with the coconut fiber fabric.
• Avoid Soaking: Prolonged soaking may cause the fibers to soften or deform.

1.1.5 Soybean Fabric

Soy fiber fabric is a regenerated plant protein fiber made from soy protein, combining the advantages of natural fibers and synthetic fibers. It features properties such as softness, breathability, and eco-friendliness.

Advantages:

• Soft and Skin-Friendly: The fabric has a delicate texture, similar to cashmere, making it ideal for wearing close to the skin.

• Breathable and Moisture-Wicking: The hollow structure of the fibers provides excellent moisture absorption and sweat-wicking properties.

• Antibacterial and Odor-Resistant: Soy protein contains amino acids, offering natural antibacterial functions.

• Eco-Friendly and Renewable: Made from soy by-products, the fabric is biodegradable.

Disadvantages:

• Poor Abrasion Resistance: Prone to pilling.

• Low Strength: The fabric may become thinner after prolonged use.

Washing Information:

• Machine washable: select gentle mode to avoid excessive rubbing.
• Natural Air Drying: Lay the coconut fiber fabric flat in a cool, ventilated area to dry, avoiding direct sunlight to prevent the fibers from becoming stiff or fading. Avoid machine drying, as high temperatures can damage the fiber structure.
• Low-Temperature Ironing: If ironing is necessary, use the low-temperature setting (no higher than 110°C). Place a thin cloth between the iron and the bamboo fiber fabric to avoid direct contact with the iron.
• Avoid Soaking: Prolonged soaking may cause the fibers to soften or deform.

1.1.6 Silk

Silk is a natural protein fiber fabric made from silkworm silk, known for its unique luster, soft texture, and luxurious quality.

Advantages:

• Comfort: Soft and skin-friendly, breathable and moisture-wicking, suitable for sensitive skin.
• Aesthetic Appeal: Smooth luster, vibrant colors, elegant and luxurious.
• Eco-friendliness: Biodegradable and environmentally friendly.

Disadvantages:

• High Price: The production process is complex, the raw materials are scarce, and the cost is high.
• Prone to Wrinkling and Damage: Poor abrasion resistance, prone to snagging and wrinkling.
• Difficult to Maintain: Requires careful attention when washing and storing.

Common Types：

• Satin: One side is smooth and shiny (satin finish), while the other side is matte with creases (crepe finish). Soft and drapey, suitable for making evening dresses, prone to snagging, and requires careful handling.
• Chiffon: The surface has fine, even creases, lightweight and breathable with a slightly transparent look. Ideal for summer dresses and scarves, prone to wrinkling, and requires gentle washing.
• Georgette: Lighter and thinner than chiffon, transparent with grainy creases, flowing and dynamic. Often used for making wedding dresses and evening gowns.
• Habutai: Plain weave, tight texture with a soft luster, suitable for shirts and linings.
• Organza: Transparent, stiff, and has a structured feel. Often used for the outer layer of wedding dresses and decorative fabrics.
• Taffeta: Plain weave, crisp texture with a bright luster, suitable for evening gowns and umbrellas.

Washing Information:

• Washing Method: Hand wash with cold or lukewarm water (not exceeding 30°C).
• Drying Method: Lay the silk flat to dry in a cool, ventilated area, avoiding direct sunlight.
• Storage Method: Avoid damp environments and store in a dustproof bag.
• Ironing Method: Iron at a low temperature, on the reverse side, and avoid direct contact with the iron.

Selection Recommendations:

• For Gloss and Drapability: Choose satin or taffeta.
• For Breathability and Lightness in Summer: Choose chiffon or georgette.
• For Traditional Craft Enthusiasts: Choose habutai (xiangyun silk) or brocade satin.
• For a Limited Budget: Consider blended silk fabrics (such as silk-cotton blends).

1.1.7 Wool Fabric

Wool fabric is a textile made from the hair of animals, known for its warmth, softness, and durability. It is a natural fiber that can be spun into yarn and woven or knitted into fabric. Wool has excellent insulating properties, making it ideal for cold weather clothing. It is also naturally breathable, moisture-wicking, and flame-retardant.

Advantages:

• Warmth: The fibers are curled to form an air layer that traps heat, making it ideal for winter clothing.
• Moisture Absorption and Breathability: Can absorb up to 30% of its weight in moisture without feeling damp, keeping you dry and comfortable.
• Elasticity and Wrinkle Resistance: The natural curly structure gives the fabric good elasticity and makes it resistant to wrinkling.
• Flame Retardancy: Wool is difficult to ignite and self-extinguishes when removed from fire, offering high safety.

• Eco-friendliness: Biodegradable, though some dyeing processes may impact its environmental friendliness.

Disadvantages:

• Easy to shrink
• High price
• Prone to pilling

Washing Information:

• Hand Washing: Use lukewarm water (30°C or below) and a mild wool detergent. Gently agitate the fabric and avoid wringing it out, as this can distort the fibers.
• Machine Washing: If the garment is machine-washable, use a delicate or wool cycle with cold water. Always place the item inside a mesh laundry bag to protect it.
• Drying: Avoid hanging wet wool garments as this can cause stretching. Lay the item flat on a clean, dry towel to dry naturally.
• Ironing: Iron wool garments on a low or wool setting while the fabric is still slightly damp, or use a steam iron. Always iron on the reverse side to prevent shiny marks.
• Avoid Fabric Softener: Wool naturally has a soft texture, and fabric softener can damage the fibers over time.

Common Types：

• Lambswool: Wool from the first shearing of a sheep, softer and finer than regular wool.
• Merino Wool: Soft and fine, merino wool is often used for high-quality garments like suits, sweaters, and activewear.
• Cashmere: A luxurious, fine wool made from the hair of cashmere goats, known for its extreme softness and warmth. The warmth is 8 times that of wool, known as “soft gold”.
• Alpaca Wool: A silk-like, lightweight wool from the alpaca, known for its softness and hypoallergenic properties.
• Rabbit Fur：Rabbit fur is a soft, lightweight fur known for its warmth and smooth texture. It is often used in luxury garments such as coats, scarves, and hats.
• Camel Hair：Camel hair comes from the soft undercoat of camels, typically from the Bactrian camel. It is known for its warmth, softness, and ability to insulate against both cold and heat. Camel hair is highly valued in luxury clothing such as coats, scarves, and blankets.
• Mohair: Wool from the Angora goat, prized for its luster and sheen. The fiber is long and smooth, glossy like silk, wear-resistant and wrinkle-resistant, commonly used in high-grade tweed and sweater.
• Yak Wool：Yak wool is derived from the yak, a domesticated bovine species found in the Himalayan regions. The wool is extremely soft, warm, and lightweight, making it ideal for creating high-quality garments like sweaters, scarves, and blankets. Warmth close to cashmere, wear-resistant and dirt-resistant, suitable for highland clothing.
• Fox Fur：Fox fur is luxurious, dense, and exceptionally soft fur that comes from foxes. It is highly prized for its lustrous appearance and rich texture. Fox fur is often used in high-end fashion, particularly in coats, collars, and accessories.
• Felted Wool: Wool that has been compressed and matted, often used for making hats, shoes, and other items.
• Tweed: A rough, woolen fabric typically used for coats and jackets, often featuring a pattern or texture.

Identification Methods:

• Touch: high-quality wool is soft and delicate, no prickly feeling (such as cashmere).
• Combustion test: real wool burning hair burning smell, ash is black brittle block; chemical fiber burning black smoke, hard lumps.
• Labeling: check the ingredients labeling (such as “100% wool” “Cashmere”).

1.2 Chemical Fiber

1.2.1 Polyester Fabric

Polyester fabric is a synthetic fiber made from petroleum-based products.It is one of the most commonly used fabrics in the world due to its durability, versatility, and low cost. Polyester is known for its ability to resist shrinking, stretching, and wrinkling.

Advantages:

• Durability: Polyester is highly durable, resistant to abrasion, and maintains its shape over time. It does not wear out easily, making it ideal for long-lasting garments and products.
• Wrinkle and Shrinkage Resistance: Polyester fabric resists wrinkles and shrinking, which makes it easy to care for and maintains its appearance for a long time.
• Moisture-Wicking: While not as breathable as natural fibers, polyester does have moisture-wicking properties, drawing sweat away from the body and helping to keep you dry.
• Quick Drying: Due to its synthetic nature, polyester dries quickly compared to natural fibers like cotton or wool.
• Low Maintenance: Polyester is easy to care for, requiring minimal ironing and is machine washable.
• Cost-Effective: As a synthetic fiber, polyester is relatively inexpensive compared to natural fibers like wool, cotton, or silk.

Disadvantages:

• Lack of Breathability: Polyester is less breathable than natural fibers, which can make it less comfortable in hot or humid conditions.
• Prone to Static: Polyester can generate static electricity, which can be uncomfortable and cause clothing to cling.
• Environmental Impact: As a synthetic material, polyester is not biodegradable and contributes to microplastic pollution when washed.
• Chemical Sensitivity: Polyester may cause skin irritation in some people, especially if they have sensitive skin.
• Tendency to Retain Odors: Polyester can absorb and retain odors, especially when worn during physical activity, which may require more frequent washing.

Washing Information:

• Machine Wash: Polyester can generally be machine washed on a gentle cycle with cold or warm water.
• Avoid Hot Water: Hot water may cause the fabric to lose its shape or color over time, so it’s best to wash with cold or lukewarm water.
• Use Mild Detergents: It’s advisable to use mild, non-abrasive detergents to prevent damage to the fibers.
• Do Not Bleach: Avoid using bleach, as it can damage the fabric and cause discoloration.
• Drying: Polyester dries quickly, so air drying is often recommended. If using a tumble dryer, set it to a low heat setting to avoid damage to the fabric.

• Ironing: If ironing is necessary, use a low heat setting, as polyester can melt under high temperatures. It’s best to iron polyester fabrics on the reverse side.

1.2.2 Nylon Fabric

Nylon fabric is a type of synthetic fiber made from petrochemical products. It was the first synthetic fiber made entirely from petroleum, invented in the 1930s. Nylon is known for its strength, elasticity, and resistance to wear and tear. It is commonly used in various applications, including clothing, outdoor gear, and home textiles. Due to its lightweight and durable nature, nylon is often used in the production of items like jackets, pants, stockings, and ropes.

Advantages:

• Durability: Nylon is incredibly strong and resistant to abrasion, making it ideal for long-lasting products such as outdoor gear, luggage, and sportswear.
• Lightweight: Nylon is a lightweight fabric, which makes it ideal for items where weight is a concern, like activewear or travel bags.
• Elasticity: It has good elasticity and stretch, allowing garments made from nylon to retain their shape and fit better.
• Water-Resistant: Nylon is resistant to water, which makes it suitable for outdoor and sportswear. It can be treated to be fully waterproof as well.
• Resistant to Molds and Mildew: Since nylon doesn't absorb moisture, it is less prone to mold and mildew growth compared to natural fibers like cotton.
• Easy to Care For: Nylon is easy to maintain and does not require extensive care. It dries quickly and resists shrinking or wrinkling.

Disadvantages:

• Environmental Impact: Like other synthetic fabrics, nylon is made from non-renewable petroleum resources and is not biodegradable, contributing to environmental pollution and microplastic contamination.
• Prone to Static: Nylon can generate static electricity, especially in dry conditions, which can cause discomfort and make clothing clingy.
• Not Very Breathable: Nylon does not breathe as well as natural fibers, which can make it less comfortable in hot or humid environments.
• Tendency to Retain Odors: Nylon can retain odors, especially when used in activewear or sports gear, which may require frequent washing.
• Chemical Sensitivity: Some individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or discomfort when wearing nylon directly on the skin.

Washing Information:

• Machine Wash: Nylon is generally machine washable. It is best to use cold or lukewarm water and a gentle cycle to prevent damage.
• Avoid Hot Water: Hot water can cause nylon to lose its shape and weaken the fibers, so it is recommended to use cool or warm water when washing.
• Use Mild Detergents: Use a mild detergent that is suitable for synthetics to preserve the quality of the fabric.
• Do Not Bleach: Avoid using bleach, as it can damage the fibers and cause discoloration.
• Drying: Nylon dries quickly. Air drying is the best option, but if you use a tumble dryer, opt for a low heat setting to prevent damage to the fabric.
• Ironing: Nylon can melt under high heat, so if ironing is necessary, use the lowest heat setting or no heat at all. It is usually best to steam out wrinkles rather than ironing directly.
• Avoid Fabric Softener: Fabric softeners can break down the fibers of nylon over time, reducing its durability.

1.2.3 Acrylic Fabric

Acrylic fabric is a synthetic fiber made from polymerized acrylonitrile. It was first developed as a wool substitute due to its soft texture and warmth. Acrylic fabric is lightweight, soft, and has a wool-like feel, which makes it a popular choice for knitwear, sweaters, blankets, and outdoor clothing. It is also commonly used in the production of artificial fur and fleece fabrics. Acrylic is known for its vibrant colors and is often used in the fashion industry to create garments that resemble wool at a lower cost.

Advantages:

• Soft and Warm: Acrylic is soft to the touch and has insulating properties, making it a popular alternative to wool. It provides warmth without being heavy.
• Lightweight: The fabric is lightweight, making it comfortable to wear and easy to carry in various applications, like outdoor gear and knitwear.
• Color Retention: Acrylic fibers are highly resistant to fading and maintain their vibrant colors over time, even after multiple washes.
• Affordable: Acrylic is a less expensive alternative to natural fibers like wool, making it an economical option for clothing and home textiles.
• Resistant to Moths and Mildew: Unlike wool, acrylic is not susceptible to moth damage or mildew, which makes it a practical choice for long-term storage.
• Low Maintenance: Acrylic is easy to care for, as it resists wrinkles and doesn't require extensive upkeep. It is also resistant to shrinkage.

Disadvantages:

• Prone to Pilling: Acrylic fabric is prone to pilling (forming small balls of fiber on the surface) over time, especially after repeated use or friction.
• Less Breathable: Acrylic is not as breathable as natural fibers like cotton or wool, which can make it uncomfortable in hot or humid weather.
• Static Build-up: Acrylic is prone to static electricity, especially in dry weather, which can lead to clothing clinging to the body and discomfort.
• Environmental Impact: Acrylic is made from petroleum-based products, making it non-biodegradable and contributing to environmental pollution. It also sheds microfibers when washed, which adds to water pollution.
• Not as Durable as Natural Fibers: While acrylic is resistant to wear and tear, it is generally less durable than other fibers like wool or cotton, and it can lose its shape over time.

Washing Information:

• Machine Wash: Acrylic can typically be machine washed on a gentle cycle with cold water. It's best to use a mild detergent.
• Avoid Hot Water: Washing in hot water can cause the fabric to lose its shape or shrink, so it's best to use cool or lukewarm water.
• Do Not Bleach: Avoid bleach, as it can damage the fibers and cause the fabric to lose its color.
• Drying: Acrylic fabric dries quickly. It is recommended to air dry it by laying it flat. If using a tumble dryer, set it to a low heat setting. Avoid high temperatures, as they can damage the fabric.
• Ironing: Acrylic is prone to melting under high heat, so avoid using a high-temperature setting when ironing. If necessary, use a low heat setting and place a cloth between the iron and the fabric.
• Avoid Fabric Softener: Fabric softeners can break down the fibers of acrylic over time, so it’s better to avoid using them.
• Dealing with Pilling: Use a fabric shaver or a lint roller to remove any pills that form on the surface of the fabric.

1.2.4 Spandex Fabric

Spandex, is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. It was developed in the 1950s and is commonly blended with other fibers like cotton, polyester, or nylon to enhance the stretch and flexibility of fabrics. Spandex is widely used in activewear, sportswear, swimwear, leggings, and undergarments due to its ability to stretch significantly and return to its original shape.

Advantages:

• High Elasticity: Spandex can stretch up to 5–8 times its original length and quickly return to its shape, making it ideal for tight-fitting garments.
• Comfortable Fit: Its flexibility provides a snug yet comfortable fit, allowing for ease of movement, which is crucial for sports and activewear.
• Lightweight and Soft: Spandex is lightweight and has a smooth texture, making it comfortable to wear without feeling bulky.
• Wrinkle-Resistant: It resists wrinkles and maintains a neat appearance even after prolonged use.
• Moisture-Wicking: Spandex dries quickly and wicks moisture away from the skin, keeping the wearer dry during exercise or warm weather.
• Durability: When blended with other fabrics, spandex improves the fabric’s durability and resistance to wear and tear.

Disadvantages:

• Heat Sensitivity: Spandex is sensitive to high temperatures and can lose elasticity or degrade if exposed to excessive heat from washing, drying, or ironing.
• Prone to Wear and Tear: Over time, spandex fibers can break down, leading to sagging, loss of elasticity, or thinning of the fabric.
• Not Very Breathable: Pure spandex is not breathable, though it is usually blended with other fibers to improve ventilation.
• Difficult to Dye: Spandex does not absorb dyes well, making it harder to achieve deep or vibrant colors.
• Environmental Concerns: Like other synthetic fibers, spandex is made from petroleum-based materials and is not biodegradable, contributing to environmental pollution.

Washing Information:

• Machine or Hand Wash: Use cold or lukewarm water (below 30°C) on a gentle cycle to preserve elasticity. Hand washing is preferred for delicate spandex garments.
• Use Mild Detergent: Harsh detergents or fabric softeners can weaken spandex fibers, so opt for mild, non-chlorine detergents.
• Avoid Bleach: Bleach can break down spandex fibers, causing them to lose elasticity and strength.
• Do Not Wring: Gently squeeze out excess water instead of twisting or wringing, as excessive stretching can damage the fabric.
• Air Dry: Lay flat or hang to dry in a shaded, well-ventilated area. Avoid direct sunlight, as UV rays can degrade the fibers over time.
• Avoid High Heat Drying: Tumble drying at high heat can damage spandex. If using a dryer, set it to the lowest heat setting or use an air-dry mode.
• Low-Temperature Ironing: If ironing is necessary, use the lowest temperature setting and place a cloth between the iron and the fabric to prevent direct heat exposure.
• Proper Storage: Store in a cool, dry place and avoid hanging heavy garments for long periods, as this may cause stretching.

1.2.5 Viscose Fiber

Viscose fiber, is a semi-synthetic fiber made from natural cellulose, typically derived from wood pulp or cotton linters. It is created by dissolving cellulose in a chemical solution and then regenerating it into fibers. Viscose is known for its smooth texture, lustrous appearance, and silk-like feel, making it a popular alternative to natural silk. It is widely used in textiles, including clothing, home furnishings, and upholstery.

Advantages:

• Soft and Smooth Texture: Viscose has a soft, smooth feel similar to silk, making it comfortable to wear and touch.
• Breathability: Viscose is breathable, allowing air to circulate, which makes it comfortable in warm weather.
• Absorbent: Viscose fibers are highly absorbent, making them great for moisture-wicking and keeping the wearer dry.
• Drapability: Viscose has excellent draping qualities, making it ideal for flowy dresses, skirts, and blouses.
• Vibrant Colors: Viscose fabric takes dye well, resulting in rich, vibrant colors that retain their intensity over time.
• Eco-Friendly Option (when sourced responsibly): Viscose is made from renewable plant-based resources, such as wood or bamboo, and can be more environmentally friendly if the sourcing and production process is sustainable.

Disadvantages:

• Prone to Wrinkling: Viscose tends to wrinkle easily, requiring regular ironing or steaming to maintain a neat appearance.
• Weak When Wet: Viscose fibers weaken significantly when wet, so it’s important to handle the fabric carefully when washing or drying.
• Not Very Durable: Viscose can be less durable than other fibers like cotton or polyester and may break down over time with repeated use.
• Sensitive to Chemicals: The fabric can be damaged by harsh chemicals, including bleach and certain detergents.
• Shrinking: Viscose is prone to shrinking when washed, especially if exposed to hot water or high heat during drying.
• Environmental Concerns: Although viscose is derived from natural materials, the manufacturing process can involve harmful chemicals and contribute to deforestation if not managed responsibly.

Washing Information:

• Hand Wash or Machine Wash on Gentle Cycle: Viscose fabric should be hand washed or machine washed on a gentle cycle with cold or lukewarm water (below 30°C) to avoid damage.
• Use Mild Detergent: Use a mild detergent that is suitable for delicate fabrics to prevent chemical damage to the fibers.
• Avoid Bleach: Do not use bleach on viscose, as it can weaken the fibers and cause discoloration.
• Do Not Wring: Avoid wringing or twisting viscose fabric to remove excess water, as this can cause the fibers to stretch and lose their shape.
• Dry Flat or Hang to Dry: Lay viscose garments flat to dry to avoid stretching. If you hang them, be mindful of the weight of the fabric, as it can stretch the garment when wet.
• Avoid High Heat Drying: Never tumble dry viscose at high temperatures, as it can shrink and lose its softness. If necessary, use a low heat setting.
• Ironing: Iron viscose fabric on a low heat setting while it is slightly damp, or use steam to smooth out wrinkles. Be cautious to avoid high temperatures, which can damage the fabric.
• Storage: Store viscose garments in a cool, dry place to prevent them from absorbing moisture, which can weaken the fibers.

1.2.6 Modal

Modal is a type of semi-synthetic fiber made from beech wood pulp through a process similar to that of viscose. It is a type of rayon, but it is considered more eco-friendly and durable than traditional viscose. Modal fabric is known for its silky smooth texture, high breathability, and exceptional moisture-wicking properties. It is often used in clothing, especially in activewear, undergarments, loungewear, and bedding, due to its softness and comfort.

Advantages:

• Softness and Smoothness: Modal is incredibly soft and has a smooth, silk-like feel. It’s often described as softer than cotton and is gentle on the skin, making it ideal for intimate wear.
• Breathability: Modal is highly breathable, allowing air to circulate, making it a great choice for warm-weather clothing or activewear.
• Moisture-Wicking: The fabric has excellent moisture-wicking properties, absorbing moisture away from the skin and keeping you dry, making it ideal for workout clothes and undergarments.
• Durable and Resilient: Modal is more durable and resistant to wear than regular rayon, and it retains its shape better, even after repeated washing.
• Eco-Friendly (when produced sustainably): Although modal is a synthetic fiber, it is derived from renewable resources like beech trees. The production process is also more environmentally friendly than traditional viscose, with less water and chemicals used.
• Color Retention: Modal holds dye well and retains its color over time, even after many washes, making it resistant to fading.
• Shrink-Resistant: Modal tends to resist shrinking more effectively than other rayon-based fabrics like viscose, which makes it easier to maintain.

Disadvantages:

• Prone to Pilling: Modal fabric can be prone to pilling after extended use or friction, especially in high-contact areas like the underarms or thighs.
• Wrinkles Easily: Although modal is generally soft and smooth, it is prone to wrinkling, especially if not cared for properly.
• Sensitive to High Heat: Modal is sensitive to high temperatures, both from washing and drying, which can damage the fabric or cause it to lose its softness and elasticity.
• Environmental Concerns: While modal is considered more eco-friendly than traditional viscose, the production process still involves chemical treatments and water usage, which can have environmental impacts if not managed sustainably.
• Expensive: Modal tends to be more expensive than regular cotton or polyester fabrics due to its superior properties and the more advanced production processes.

Washing Information:

• Machine Wash or Hand Wash: Modal can be machine washed on a gentle cycle with cold or lukewarm water (below 30°C). It can also be hand-washed to preserve its softness and shape.
• Use Mild Detergent: Use a mild detergent that is gentle on delicate fabrics to avoid damaging the fibers.
• Avoid Bleach: Bleach can weaken modal fibers and cause discoloration. Always avoid using bleach when washing modal.
• Avoid Wringing: To avoid damaging the fabric, do not wring or twist modal fabric after washing, as it can cause the fibers to stretch and lose shape.
• Air Dry: The best way to dry modal is to lay it flat or hang it to air dry. This helps preserve its softness and prevents it from stretching or shrinking.
• Avoid High Heat Drying: Do not tumble dry modal on high heat, as it can shrink or lose its texture. If using a dryer, set it to the lowest heat setting or air-dry mode.
• Ironing: If ironing is needed, use a low heat setting and iron the fabric while it is slightly damp. Alternatively, you can steam the fabric to smooth out wrinkles.
• Proper Storage: Store modal garments in a cool, dry place to avoid exposure to moisture, which can weaken the fibers.

1.2.7 Lyocell

Tencel, also known by its generic name Lyocell, is a sustainable fabric made from wood pulp, typically sourced from eucalyptus, beech, or spruce trees. The process of manufacturing Tencel is environmentally friendly, as it uses a closed-loop system where solvents are recycled, minimizing waste. Tencel has gained popularity due to its smooth texture, eco-friendly production, and excellent moisture-wicking properties. It is widely used in clothing, bedding, and home textiles, providing a luxurious feel while being gentle on the skin.

Advantages:

• Eco-Friendly: Tencel is made from renewable wood sources, and its production process uses a closed-loop method where chemicals are recycled, minimizing environmental impact. It is considered one of the most sustainable fabrics available.
• Soft and Smooth: Tencel has a silky feel and smooth texture, similar to that of silk or cotton, making it comfortable and gentle on the skin.
• Breathability: The fabric is highly breathable, which helps to regulate body temperature and keep you comfortable, especially in hot weather.
• Moisture-Wicking and Hygienic: Tencel absorbs moisture more efficiently than cotton and helps regulate body temperature. It also has antibacterial properties, making it resistant to the growth of bacteria, which helps keep garments fresh for longer.
• Durable: Despite being soft and lightweight, Tencel is durable and resistant to wear and tear. It is less likely to shrink or lose its shape, even after repeated washing.
• Biodegradable: Tencel is fully biodegradable, which means it breaks down naturally in the environment without causing pollution.
• Gentle on Skin: Its smooth, soft texture makes Tencel ideal for people with sensitive skin or conditions like eczema, as it doesn't irritate the skin like some other synthetic fibers.

Disadvantages:

• Prone to Wrinkling: Tencel fabric can wrinkle easily, especially when exposed to high moisture or after washing. It may require ironing to maintain a smooth appearance.
• Sensitive to High Heat: Like other natural fibers, Tencel can be damaged by high heat, both from washing and drying. Overheating can cause the fibers to lose their smooth texture or shrink.
• Cost: Tencel is generally more expensive than traditional fabrics like cotton or polyester, due to its eco-friendly production and luxurious feel.
• Less Durable Than Synthetics: While Tencel is durable compared to many natural fibers, it is still more delicate than synthetic fabrics like polyester and can be prone to damage if not cared for properly.
• Sensitive to Abrasion: Tencel can be more susceptible to damage from friction, and sharp objects (like jewelry or rough surfaces) can cause the fibers to tear.

Washing Information:

• Hand Wash or Machine Wash: Tencel can be hand washed or machine washed on a gentle cycle with cold or lukewarm water (below 30°C) to avoid damage.
• Use Mild Detergent: Use a mild, non-chlorine detergent to prevent damaging the fibers and to maintain the softness of the fabric.
• Avoid Bleach: Do not use bleach on Tencel, as it can weaken the fibers and cause discoloration.
• Do Not Wring: Avoid wringing or twisting Tencel fabric after washing, as this can distort the fabric and lead to stretching or misshaping.
• Dry Flat or Hang to Dry: Tencel should be laid flat to dry or hung to dry in a shaded, well-ventilated area. Avoid hanging heavy items, as this can cause stretching.
• Avoid High Heat Drying: Tencel should not be tumble dried on high heat. If you must use a dryer, use the lowest heat setting to prevent damage to the fabric. Air-drying is the best option to preserve the fabric's softness and durability.
• Ironing: If needed, iron Tencel fabric on a low to medium heat setting while it is still slightly damp, or use a steam iron. Avoid ironing with direct heat on the fabric to prevent burns.
• Proper Storage: Store Tencel garments in a cool, dry place. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight or high humidity, as this can weaken the fibers over time.

1.2.8 Satin

Satin is a weave, not a fiber, that results in a fabric with a smooth, glossy surface and a soft, luxurious feel. Traditionally, satin fabrics were made from silk, but nowadays, satin can be made from a variety of fibers such as polyester, nylon, acetate, and rayon. The distinguishing feature of satin is its high shine, which is created by the way the fibers are woven to create a reflective surface. Satin is commonly used in eveningwear, bridal dresses, lingerie, and luxurious home textiles due to its elegant appearance and soft texture.

Advantages:

• Luxurious Shine: Satin is known for its shiny, lustrous finish, which gives it an elegant, glamorous look. It is often used in formalwear and special occasions.
• Soft and Smooth: The smooth, slippery texture of satin feels luxurious against the skin, making it a popular choice for evening dresses, bridal gowns, and lingerie.
• Elegant Drapability: Satin has a beautiful drape and flow, making it perfect for garments that need to move gracefully, such as gowns and skirts.
• Vibrant Colors: Satin tends to retain vibrant colors well, as its smooth surface reflects light, which enhances the intensity of the fabric’s color.
• Versatility: Satin can be made from a variety of fibers, such as silk, polyester, and acetate, allowing it to be adapted to different purposes and price points.
• Formal and Special Occasion Wear: Satin’s refined and polished look makes it a popular choice for formal wear, weddings, and red-carpet events.

Disadvantages:

• Prone to Wrinkling: While satin has a smooth surface, it is very prone to wrinkling. It may require frequent pressing to maintain its polished appearance.
• Easily Damaged: Satin fabrics, especially those made from natural fibers like silk, are more delicate and can be easily damaged by abrasion, snags, or rough handling.
• High Maintenance: Satin requires careful handling and maintenance. The fabric can lose its sheen over time, and it often needs to be dry cleaned or washed under gentle conditions.
• Slippery: Satin's smooth surface can make it slippery, which may be inconvenient for making garments or draping fabrics that need to stay in place.
• Expensive (when made from silk): Satin made from high-quality silk tends to be very expensive compared to synthetic versions like polyester satin.
• Not Breathable (in some types): Satin made from synthetic fibers, like polyester, tends to be less breathable than natural fibers like cotton or linen, which can make it uncomfortable in warm weather.

Washing Information:

• Hand Wash or Dry Clean: For satin made from silk or delicate fibers, it is recommended to dry clean. If the satin is made from polyester or a blend, hand washing in cold water or machine washing on a gentle cycle may be possible. Always check the care label for specific instructions.

• Cold Water: If hand washing, use cold or lukewarm water (below 30°C). Avoid hot water, as it may cause the fabric to lose its sheen or shrink.

• Use Mild Detergent: Use a gentle, non-chlorine detergent to preserve the fabric’s shine and avoid harsh chemicals that can damage the fibers.

• Avoid Wringing: After washing, avoid wringing or twisting satin fabric, as it can cause the fibers to stretch or lose their shape. Gently press the water out by laying the fabric flat or rolling it in a towel.

• Drying: Air dry satin fabric by laying it flat on a clean surface or hanging it to dry. Avoid direct sunlight, as it can cause fading. Never tumble dry satin, as high heat can damage the fabric’s surface and cause shrinkage.

• Ironing: Satin may require ironing, but it should be done with caution. Always iron on the reverse side, and set the iron to a low temperature (preferably on a silk or delicate setting). Use a pressing cloth between the iron and the fabric to avoid direct contact, which could damage the finish.

• Storing: Store satin garments in a cool, dry place, and preferably in a garment bag or a breathable cloth cover to protect them from dust and direct sunlight. Avoid hanging heavy satin items, as the weight can cause them to stretch or lose their shape over time.

2. By Production Process

2.1 Woven Fabric

Woven fabric is made by interlacing two sets of yarns—warp (lengthwise) and weft (crosswise)—at right angles to each other. This type of fabric is created on a loom, where the yarns are woven together in a specific pattern to create the fabric. The structure and type of weave, such as plain, twill, or satin weave, affect the final texture, appearance, and durability of the fabric.

Advantages:

• Durability: Woven fabrics are strong and durable, making them suitable for garments, upholstery, and industrial applications.
• Stable Structure: Because of the interwoven yarns, woven fabrics have a stable structure that doesn’t stretch easily, providing a firm and crisp texture.
• Variety of Weaves: Woven fabrics come in a variety of weaves, allowing for different textures and finishes, such as smooth (satin weave), textured (twill weave), or breathable (plain weave).
• Strength: Due to the interlacing of the yarns, woven fabrics tend to have higher tensile strength than knitted or nonwoven fabrics.

Disadvantages:

• Less Stretchable: Woven fabrics generally do not have much stretch unless they are blended with elastic fibers.
• Wrinkles Easily: Woven fabrics, especially natural fibers like cotton or linen, can wrinkle easily and require ironing to maintain a smooth appearance.
• Less Softness: Some woven fabrics, especially heavier ones like denim or canvas, can be stiffer compared to knitted fabrics.

Common Types：

• Denim Fabric
• Canvas
• Poplin

2.2 Knitted Fabric

Knitted fabric is made by interlocking loops of yarn using needles, which gives the fabric stretchability. Unlike woven fabric, where yarns are interlaced, knitted fabric’s structure is made of continuous loops, which allows it to stretch in different directions, making it ideal for garments that need flexibility and comfort, like T-shirts, socks, and activewear.

Advantages:

• Stretch and Comfort: Knitted fabrics have natural elasticity and can stretch in one or two directions, providing comfort and freedom of movement.
• Softness: Knitted fabrics are often softer and more comfortable than woven fabrics, making them ideal for close-fitting garments.
• Breathability: The loop structure allows air to circulate through the fabric, improving breathability and moisture-wicking properties.
• Versatile: Knitted fabrics can be made into various patterns and textures, from lightweight jersey to heavier interlock knits.

Disadvantages:

• Prone to Snagging: Knitted fabrics are more susceptible to snags, pulls, or runs compared to woven fabrics.
• Less Durability: Knitted fabrics can lose their shape over time or after excessive stretching, making them less durable than woven fabrics.
• Limited Structure: While knitted fabrics are highly comfortable, they don’t offer as much structure as woven fabrics, which can be a disadvantage for formal wear or structured garments.

2.3 Nonwoven Fabric

Nonwoven fabric is a fabric-like material made directly from fibers that are bonded together by chemical, mechanical, heat, or solvent treatment, rather than being woven or knitted. Nonwoven fabrics are often used for disposable or single-use items, such as medical face masks, wipes, diapers, and certain types of insulation. They are made from fibers like polyester, polypropylene, and rayon.

Advantages:

• Cost-Effective: Nonwoven fabrics are cheaper to produce than woven or knitted fabrics because they require less processing.
• Disposable: Nonwoven fabrics are often used for single-use items, such as surgical gowns, cleaning wipes, or filters, due to their lightweight and low-cost production.
• Variety of Applications: Nonwoven fabrics are widely used in hygiene products, medical applications, and as insulation materials because of their unique characteristics.
• Lightweight: Nonwoven fabrics are generally lighter than woven and knitted fabrics, making them ideal for applications where weight is a concern.
• No Fraying: Since nonwoven fabrics are not woven or knitted, they do not fray at the edges, making them suitable for some disposable products.

Disadvantages:

• Limited Durability: Nonwoven fabrics are generally not as durable as woven or knitted fabrics, and they are often designed for single-use applications.
• Less Comfort: The texture of nonwoven fabrics can be less soft and comfortable compared to woven or knitted fabrics, especially in clothing applications.
• Limited Stretch: Most nonwoven fabrics don’t offer significant stretch and are less flexible than knitted fabrics.
• Environmental Concerns: Many nonwoven fabrics are made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene, which are not biodegradable and can contribute to environmental pollution if not properly disposed of.

3. By Application

3.1 Fabrics for Clothing

Fabrics for clothing focus on comfort, breathability, aesthetics, and durability.

3.1.1 Natural Fibers

• Cotton: Pure cotton, poplin, denim (durable), corduroy (warmth).
• Linen: Linen (breathable), ramie (stiff).
• Silk: Satin (glossy), crepe de chine (lightweight), chiffon (flowing).
• Wool: Wool (warmth), cashmere (soft), tweed (vintage).

3.1.2 Synthetic Fibers

• Polyester: Wrinkle-resistant, quick-drying, used for activewear and outerwear.
• Nylon (Polyamide): Elastic, used for swimwear and outdoor clothing.
• Spandex (Lycra/Elastane): High elasticity, used for bodysuits, yoga pants.
• Rayon (Viscose): Silk-like feel, used for dresses, shirts.

3.1.3 Blended Fabrics

• Cotton-Polyester Blend: Wrinkle-resistant and easy to care for, used for daily shirts and pants.
• Wool-Polyester Blend: Enhances durability, used for suits and coats.

3.1.4 Special Function Fabrics

• Waterproof Fabrics: Gore-Tex (used for outdoor jackets).
• Flame Retardant Fabrics: Firefighter suits, industrial protective clothing.
• Antibacterial Fabrics: Silver ions added, used for underwear and sportswear.

3.2 Fabrics for Home Textiles

Home textile fabrics emphasize comfort, safety, and decorative appeal.

3.2.1 Bedding

• Cotton: Moisture-absorbing and breathable, used for sheets and duvet covers.
• Brushed Fabric: Fuzzy surface, warm for winter.
• Silk: Luxurious touch, used for high-end pillowcases and silk quilts.
• Linen: Natural texture, suitable for summer bedding.

3.2.2 Curtains and Decorative Fabrics

• Blackout Fabric: Layered coating to block light.
• Velvet: Luxurious texture, chenille (heavy drape).
• Sheer Curtains: Translucent fabrics (like organza, lace).

3.2.3 Towels and Bathroom Textiles

• Cotton Towel Fabric: High absorbency, used for bath towels and washcloths.
• Bamboo Fiber Towels: Naturally antibacterial, ideal for sensitive skin.

3.2.4 Sofa and Home Decor Fabrics

• Canvas: Durable, used for sofa covers and cushions.
• Linen: Rough, natural style, ideal for country-style home decor.
• Jacquard Fabric: Three-dimensional patterns, used for pillows and tablecloths.

3.3 Fabrics for Industrial Use

Industrial fabrics focus on functionality, durability, and special properties.

3.3.1 Protective and Safety Fabrics

• Flame Retardant Fabrics: Aramid (Nomex), flame-retardant cotton, used for firefighter suits and welding uniforms.
• Anti-Static Fabrics: Conductive fibers added, used for electronics workshop uniforms.
• Ballistic Fabrics: Kevlar, used for bulletproof vests and armored vehicles.

3.3.2 Filtration and Separation Fabrics

• Filtration Fabrics: Polyester, polypropylene nonwoven fabric, used for air and liquid filtration.
• Industrial Filter Bags: Glass fiber, PTFE-coated fabrics, used in the chemical and cement industries.

3.3.3 Packaging and Transport Fabrics

• Canvas: Thick and durable, used for tents and truck tarpaulins.
• Oxford Cloth: Waterproof coating, used for luggage and outdoor gear.

3.3.4 Medical and Hygiene Fabrics

• Medical Nonwoven Fabrics: SMS nonwoven fabric (liquid penetration-resistant), used for surgical gowns and face masks.
• Disinfectant Gauze: Pure cotton or blended fabric, used for wound dressings.

3.3.5 Construction and Agricultural Fabrics

• Geotextile Fabrics: Polyester fiber, used for roadbed reinforcement and anti-seepage projects.
• Agricultural Covering Fabrics: Polyethylene woven fabric, used for insulation and pest control.

4. By Functional Features

4.1 Functional Fabrics

Functional fabrics are designed to serve specific purposes beyond aesthetic appeal, such as providing protection, enhancing performance, or offering special benefits for the wearer. These fabrics are often used in specialized clothing for various industries and outdoor activities, ensuring safety, comfort, and practicality.

• Waterproof Fabrics: Waterproof fabrics are treated or designed to prevent water from passing through, making them ideal for outerwear, rain jackets, and protective gear. These fabrics are coated with materials such as polyurethane or laminated with waterproof membranes like Gore-Tex, ensuring the wearer remains dry in wet conditions. Waterproof fabrics are crucial for outdoor activities such as hiking, skiing, and military uniforms.
• Flame Retardant Fabrics: Flame retardant fabrics are designed to resist ignition and slow down the spread of flames. These fabrics are essential for safety uniforms worn by firefighters, industrial workers, and military personnel. The fibers are chemically treated to make them resistant to high temperatures, ensuring that the wearer is protected from fire hazards. Flame retardant fabrics are commonly used in workwear, fireproof suits, and safety blankets.
• UV-Resistant Fabrics: UV-resistant fabrics are engineered to block harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun, protecting the skin from damage caused by prolonged sun exposure. These fabrics often feature special coatings or fiber treatments that prevent UV radiation from penetrating the material. They are commonly used in outdoor clothing, beachwear, and sports apparel, especially for people who spend long hours outdoors. UV-resistant fabrics help reduce the risk of sunburn and long-term skin damage.

4.2 Eco-friendly Fabrics

Eco-friendly fabrics are those that have a lower environmental impact compared to conventional fabrics. These materials are made from sustainable resources, involve eco-conscious manufacturing processes, and are biodegradable or recyclable. The aim is to minimize environmental pollution, reduce waste, and promote sustainability in the textile industry.

• Organic Cotton: Organic cotton is grown without the use of synthetic pesticides or fertilizers. It is cultivated using environmentally friendly farming practices that focus on soil health, biodiversity, and water conservation. Organic cotton fabrics are softer and more breathable than conventional cotton fabrics, making them ideal for clothing, bedding, and accessories. This fabric is biodegradable, and its production helps reduce the environmental footprint of cotton farming by eliminating harmful chemicals and reducing water usage.
• Recycled Polyester: Recycled polyester is made from post-consumer plastic bottles or post-industrial polyester waste. This process helps reduce plastic waste and lower the environmental impact associated with the production of virgin polyester. Recycled polyester retains many of the characteristics of new polyester, such as durability, moisture-wicking properties, and easy maintenance, but with the added benefit of being more sustainable. It is commonly used in activewear, outerwear, and fashion, helping to create a circular economy by reusing materials that would otherwise end up in landfills.

5. By Weight

5.1 Lightweight Fabrics

These fabrics are typically used for spring and summer clothing, lightweight, breathable, and ideal for warmer climates.

• Common Fabrics:

  • Chiffon: Light and breathable, often used for dresses, scarves, and summer clothing.
  • Silk: Soft and lightweight, suitable for high-end fashion.
  • Cotton: Lightweight and soft, ideal for spring and summer clothing.
  • Linen: Highly breathable, suitable for summer wear.
  • Nylon: Lightweight and durable, often used for outdoor wear.

• Weight Range: 60~150 grams per square meter (gsm)

5.2 Medium Weight Fabrics

These fabrics are suitable for autumn and winter, providing both comfort and warmth.

• Common Fabrics:

  • Poplin: Medium weight, commonly used for shirts, dresses, and light jackets.
  • Oxford Cloth: Medium thickness, widely used for shirts and outerwear.
  • Velvet: Soft with a glossy finish, suitable for evening wear and winter garments.
  • Wool: Medium thickness, suitable for autumn and winter clothing.
  • Tweed: Used for suits and jackets, relatively thick.

• Weight Range: 150~300 grams per square meter (gsm)

5.3 Heavyweight Fabrics

These fabrics are ideal for cold climates, offering excellent warmth and durability, typically used for winter coats and outerwear.

• Common Fabrics:

  • Woolen Fabrics: Suitable for coats, outerwear, and heavy winter clothing.
  • Denim: Sturdy and durable, suitable for pants, jackets, and outerwear.
  • Canvas: Heavy-duty fabric, used for workwear, backpacks, tents, and more.
  • Melton: Thick and soft, commonly used for coats and outerwear.
  • Corduroy: Thick and durable, used for winter pants and jackets.

• Weight Range: 300~600 grams per square meter (gsm)

5.4 Extra Heavyweight Fabrics

These fabrics are extremely thick, typically used for protective clothing or industrial purposes, offering high durability and protection.

• Common Fabrics:

  • Fireproof Fabric: Used for firefighter suits and protective gear.
  • Ballistic Fabric: Used for bulletproof vests and armored vehicles.
  • Heavy Canvas/Oiled Canvas: Used for tents, sails, and heavy-duty applications.

• Weight Range: Over 600 grams per square meter (gsm)